Stay up to date on cleantech



Follow cleantech innovations »

BlackLight touts third-party validation of new energy source from hydrogen

August 12, 2009 - by Emma Ritch, Cleantech Group

Carnbury, N.J.-based BlackLight Power said today it received independent verification from Rowan University that it discovered a new form of hydrogen and that the resulting solid-fuel chemistry is capable of continuous energy regeneration.

BlackLight’s technology uses a chemical reaction to release latent energy in the hydrogen atom by forming a new type of hydrogen in lower-energy states, dubbed hydrino, which BlackLight says it discovered. The company says the energy released forming a hydrino is more than 200 times the energy than when using electrolysis to extract hydrogen from water.

BlackLight says it developed a solid fuel that efficiently liberates hydrinos and then requires very little energy (in the form of heat) to reverse the chemical product back into the initial solid fuel. The system is nearly closed-loop, requiring only the replacement of hydrogen consumed when forming hydrinos, CEO Randell Mills said in a news release.

BlackLight Power secured $50 million in follow-on funding in the first quarter of 2006 from undisclosed investors.

If proven accurate, the company’s claims could revolutionize the power generation sector. BlackLight said it now has that support from a college in Glassboro, N.J.

A team of engineering and chemistry professors from Rowan University made 10 solid fuels from commercially-available chemicals, and tests during the last three months of BlackLight’s process showed an improvement in energy generation of between 1.2 and 6.5 times the maximum theoretical heat available through known chemical reactions, the researchers said. The tests were conducted on a scale of about 30 kilowatts.

BlackLight says the validation proves that its process can be used as a replacement for fossil and nuclear fuels in power plants. The technology has other potential applications in heating, distributed generation and motive power.

The independent validation also confirmed the existence of hydrinos, Rowan University said.

BlackLight Power has signed six non-exclusive commercial licensing agreements for 8,000 megawatts of power produced using its technology. Five of the deals are with utilities, but the company has only disclosed two, both based in New Mexico for up to 250 MW of thermal or electric power, with Estacado Energy Services and Farmers’ Electric Cooperative.

BlackLight’s most recently announced deal is with Maryland’s Akridge Energy in late July for up to 400 megwatts of power generated in Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. Akridge plans to deploy distributed-scale electric power at commercial real estate properties, selling electricity to tenants and eventually the electric grid.

Coverage brought to you by

Altairnano Climate Change Business Journal BoogarLists EIN News

Comments

Fractional Hydrogen can turn future cars into power plants!

Chava Energy is also developing fractional Hydrogen technologies. The possible existence of fractional quantum states in the Hydrogen atom (f/H) has been debated since the advent of quantum theory in 1924, according to Ronald Bourgoin, a graduate student of the late Dr. Robert L. Carroll (a mathematical physicist who consulted with our group for 12 years). Dr. Carroll first described “inverse quantum states” in his 1976 book, and wrote a paper with that title in 1990, suggesting they would one day prove extremely important.

Chava uses the term f/H for the fractional hydrogen species since we are not convinced that other theories accurately describe the same particle we are seeing below the Bohr orbital. Regardless of what fractional Hydrogen orbits are labeled, or prove to be in fact, they allow hundreds of times the power of Hydrogen combustion with oxygen. Using fractional Hydrogen, one barrel of water becomes the equivalent of hundreds of barrels of oil.

The late Arie de Geus invented an entirely different energy production method that also utilized fractional quantum states of Hydrogen. His Patent application entitled: Method and Apparatus for the Production of so called Fractional Hydrogen and Associated Production of Photon Energy, may describe the simplest possible f/H device, which could be called a plasma discharge tube. His invention involves a mixture of various simultaneously formed fractional states of Hydrogen that are claimed to be extremely stable. He claimed his work was proven in many laboratory experiments and independently verified.

The Chava work with fractional quantum states, employing a completely different approach has opened a path to a new concept called the Self Powered Internal Combustion Engine (SPICE). This is an evolution of successful experimental work done thirty years ago.

This concept, when validated, will lead to a cost-competitive alternative to fossil fuels and nuclear power. Importantly, it can be sized perfectly for use in automotive applications – even utilizing a modified reciprocating engine, but with the ability to sell electricity to the grid when parked, and to supply pollution-free renewable power.

This concept of an automobile that needs no fossil fuel or battery recharge has been a long-time ambition and vision for the ideal alternative energy application. En-route to that objective, improved hydrogen fuel mileage technology might be retrofit to existing vehicles.

hydrino is unphysical in a relativistic sense

Randell Mills’ founder of Black Light Power claims a fractional quantum state of hydrogen he coins "hydrino" which is formed inside skeletal catalyst Rayney nickel and has up to 137 fractional quantum states. The hydrino is claimed to produce much more heat energy than chemistry can explain. This claim is still disputed fiercely by mainstream.

In 2005 a math paper by Jan Naudts contends that fractional quantum state argument against hydrino state overlooks relativistic solutions. This bolsters claim by Randell Mills that disassociated hydrogen diffused into skeletal catalyst can release excess heat. I will attempt to make the case that similar to the “Twin Paradox” in Physics 101. Hydrogen outside the cavity has equivalent motion relative to the shielded hydrogen inside the cavity. This results in hydrogen exiting the cavity older than hydrogen which did not diffuse through the cavity. Hydrogen inside the cavity performs many more reactions through time dilation and Lorentz contraction then could be performed outside the cavity for the time period the hydrogen was inside.

In 2007 Ronald Bourgoin published a paper that showed the general wave equation predicts exactly the 137 inverse principal quantum levels claimed by Mills.
His equations use a 4D coordinate system suggesting the orbital could appear to collapse spatially below the Bohr radius because the “displacement” to the nucleus is partially converted to the time axis. The fractional quantum radius only exists from our 3D perspective outside the cavity observing the hydrino inside. The Bourgoin solutions suggest Mills hydrino only exists relative to an observer outside the Casimir cavity. Inside the cavity hydrogen atoms are unaware the t coordinate of their (X, Y, Z, t) position has changed in the same way that the earth bound twin is unaware of his multiple second per second existence relative to the twin approaching an event horizon (C through equivalence). Only when the still young twin returns to earth or the now “old” hydrogen exits the cavity is the difference apparent.

Christian Beck publishes papers, "Measurability of vacuum fluctuations and dark energy" and "Electromagnetic dark energy" revealing virtual photons with frequency less than 2 THz are more gravitationally active than those above. Beck’s claim is presently only theoretical awaiting experimental evidence. My theory hinges heavily on the results of Beck’s experiment proving slower virtual photons are more gravitationally active. This would establish my premise that the ratio of slow to fast virtual photons reflect changes in space time such as an event horizon compared to deep space.

Thomas Prevenslik paper denying Casimir effect explains Casimir force instead through QED “up-conversion”, this method requires nature to up convert IR >> VUV per conservation of energy. If my relativistic theory is correct then all frequencies inside the cavity are up converted together through time dilation including the 2Thz virtual photons Beck proposes to be more gravitationally active. Similar to the Twin Paradox the entire spectrum inside the cavity “ages” at multiple seconds per second relative to outside the cavity. From our perspective this results in “relative” up conversion of all frequencies inside the cavity.

I posit the ratio of virtual photons ( >2 THz) / ( <2 THz) decreases approaching an event horizon to reflect Beck’s theory that slower virtual photons are more gravitationally active. The “up-conversion” in a Casimir cavity if relativistic would up convert all frequencies including virtual photons from our perspective outside the cavity, but the increased ratio of fast to slow virtual photons is now in the opposite direction creating a gravity “Hill” or lack of gravitationally active virtual photons as opposed to a gravity “Well”. This effect would be Omni directional in normal matter and quickly average out but in Casimir plates is directional and sums to create very local differentials where the shielded areas can be concentrated between two plates. These gravitational hills then see the normal space outside the cavity as down hill from their perspective just as we see an event horizon. The stage is now set for equivalence without the astronomical distances or crushing gravity of an event horizon. Although flat space doesn’t have the resistance to time flow of an event horizon it does still have a certain default fraction thereof, the shielded hydrogen inside the cavity however only experiences a small fraction of this default value based on Casimir geometry resulting in equivalent acceleration between hydrogen inside the cavity vs. outside. This has the unlikely consequence of time dilation and Lorentz contraction occurring to hydrogen inside the cavity relative to outside the cavity. The correct choice of material and geometry (Rayney nickel) can then act as a membrane to preferentially scale only the monatomic gas (Mills and Moddel) into what appears from our perspective to be increasingly smaller geometry where molecular gas can not follow, Then if these fractional atoms form a fractional molecule they become trapped just like the molecular gas left behind at the entrance when the atoms started diffusing into the increasingly smaller geometry of the cavity walls. The difference is that these fractional molecules that don’t even perceive themselves as fractional are trapped inside the membrane and when diffused by gas law will have their molecular bond broken by the confinement restoring monatomic energy levels and allowing the atoms to change to the new fractional value before finding another fractional atom to recombine into a different fractional molecule and give off the freely acquired energy as a photon. The cycle then cascades until the gas escapes or the heat destroys the cavity.
See Links and animation here http://www.byzipp.com/energy/excessHeat.htm
Regards
Fran

Post new comment

The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly.